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Malcolm Hough Fraser (1903–1994), was an American philanthropist and businessman. He founded the Genuine Parts Company with his brother in 1928 and the Stuttering Foundation of America in 1947, giving the latter most of its $10 million endowment. He was the recipient of the fourth annual National Council on Communicative Disorders' (NCCD's) Distinguished Service Award and posthumous recipient of the NCCD's Charles Van Riper Award, and a book he authored, ''Self-Therapy for the Stutterer'', has been called a "classic". ==Biography== Malcolm Fraser was born in Cornwall-on-Hudson, New York, in 1903,〔 and stuttered severely from an early age.〔Fraser, Jane. (Stuttering Foundation of America — Looking Back and Looking Forward ). Minnesota State University · Mankato (2008-08-23). Retrieved on 2008-08-26.〕 He had his first formal speech therapy session with Dr. Frederick Martin, Superintendent of Speech Correction for the New York City Schools, who succeeded in helping him become fluent in the clinic. However, when instructed to speak on stage in a presentation to a group of eminent physicians, he "couldn't utter a single syllable"; he would remember that experience for many years, "even at age 90".〔 Subsequently, he attended Hamilton College for two years, before graduating from the University of Pittsburgh in 1924.〔(Malcolm H. Fraser, 91, Retailer of Auto Parts ). The New York Times (2008-02-19). Retrieved on 2008-08-26.〕 In 1928, Fraser and his older brother, Carlyle, founded the Genuine Parts Company in Atlanta. The former became the president of the company's Memphis warehouse, trained many of the employees who now manage the company, and would remain a director of the company until his death.〔 As of 2000, the company was the "industry leading distributor of automotive, industrial, office and electrical/electronic replacement parts". In 1947, Fraser, at age 44 and with significant stuttering problems, set up the Stuttering Foundation of America and made his first donation to the foundation, US$2,500, a significant amount at the time. He subsequently contacted Charles Van Riper, an expert in the field, who would eventually receive research grants from the foundation and work on various projects including a study on the effect of avoidance on stuttering, and a conference of experts that attempted to reach some agreement on general guidelines for a comprehensive program on stuttering. During the early years of the foundation, Frasers wife, Charlotte, was its entire staff.〔 Fraser would eventually give the foundation most of its US$10 million endowment, and write ''Self-Therapy for the Stutterer'', first published in 1978, a book that has been called a classic,〔(Self-Therapy for the Stutterer, 192 pages. 10th edition ). jcBELL Associates. Retrieved on 2008-08-26.〕 and has been translated into eight languages.〔 In 1984, Fraser received the fourth annual NCCD's Distinguished Service Award. The NCCD, a council of 32 United States organizations, recognized the foundation's efforts in adding to stutterers', parents', clinicians', and the public's awareness and ability to deal constructively with stuttering. In 1989, Hamilton College presented him with the honorary degree of Doctor of Humane Letters for his outstanding work on behalf of those who stutter. Fraser died of congestive heart failure on February 1994, at the age of 91, at his home in Memphis, and is survived by his daughter, Jane Fraser Fulcher, and two grandchildren.〔 In 1997, he was honored posthumously with the Charles Van Riper Award, presented by James Earl Jones at the 16th Annual NCCD Awards Ceremony, for his "outstanding commitment to people who stutter".〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Malcolm Fraser (philanthropist)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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